In a recent meta-analysis of 12 studies and 1.85 million participants, an increased risk of psychotic disorder was associated with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during childhood compared to participants without ADHD during childhood. Two independent reviewers examined the data and assessed risk of bias of individual studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) or hazard ratios were extracted and a random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled relative effect using the meta package in R. A diagnosis of ADHD in childhood was associated with a significant increase in the risk of subsequent psychotic disorder, with a pooled relative effect of 4.74 (95% CI, 4.11-5.46; I2?=?43% [95% CI, 0%-70%]). No significant between-group differences were found for subgroup analyses, according to psychotic disorder or schizophrenia estimates. Meta-regressions were not significant when sex and bias score were used as covariates, and there was no evidence of publication bias. The results suggest that childhood ADHD is associate with increased risk of subsequent psychotic disorder, however future research is needed.
Reference:
Nourredine M et al. JAMA Psychiatry 2021. Epub ahead of print. Abstract
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